Volume 5 - Issue 15 (2026-06-20)

Emotional Intelligence among Secondary School Students in India and Jordan: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Researcher: Ayman Mohamad Falah Irsan

Dr: Ningamma C. Betsur

PhD Student - Department of Education - University of Mysore – India

Emotional intelligence is an important factor in students’ personal, social, and academic development. It helps students understand their emotions, deal with others, and respond better to school challenges. This study aimed to examine emotional intelligence among secondary school students in India and Jordan and to identify whether emotional intelligence differs according to country, gender, age, school type, sub-area, and area division or directorate. A comparative cross-sectional survey design was used. The sample consisted of 750 ninth-grade students, including 375 students from India and 375 students from Jordan. Emotional intelligence was measured using a 31-item scale. The reliability result showed excellent internal consistency, with a KR-20/Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.912. The descriptive results showed that the overall mean emotional intelligence score was 16.64 out of 31, with a standard deviation of 7.73. Most students were classified as having a low level of emotional intelligence, followed by an average level and then a high level. The independent samples t-test showed a statistically significant difference between Indian and Jordanian students, with Indian students reporting higher emotional intelligence. However, no significant differences were found according to gender or age. One-way ANOVA showed significant differences according to school type and area division/directorate, while sub-area differences were not statistically significant. These findings suggest that emotional intelligence among students may be shaped more by educational and school-related contexts than by gender or age.